1997. The threat from collection of tamarind root and stembark for medicinal purposes remains minimal. Furnished with soundproof windows, the rooms are en suite and offer . But very few of us know about the plants that should NOT be kept in a house, because vedic sciences and even Feng Shui consider them to bring negative energy. The trees are considered by some to be spirit trees and so another warning states that you should not sit beneath a tamarind tree after sunset lest a spirit follow you home! Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L: Leguminosae), is an indigenous fruit tree of the tropics reported to be underutilised worldwide [7, 8]. Chapter Service was scattered but we were forewarned and didn't mind waiting for the delicious dishes . On that day, the nail will fall from the tree, freeing his soul from its ties to the world. Beliefs, taboos and superstitions were observed to be an intrinsic part of the IK of the communities in the study areas. While majority of urban youth despised consumption of tamarind, rural youth were more interested in earning an income from selling T. indica products. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. 1996. http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff. Tamarindus indica/crop combinations in Eastern Uganda. Although T. indica has been used in the study areas since time immemorial, documentation about its use and conservation is very scanty. He saw nothing. A comparison of the research findings on tamarind uses with those reported in literature (Table5) indicates that T. indica is largely underutilised in the study area. Nutrition Facts. Admitting youre afraid? 2007;2(1). Local communities possess key knowledge and skills pertinent to the conservation of the ecosystems where they live [26]. The relevance of IK is further illustrated by the traditional practice of feeding tamarind fruit pulp to pregnant women and warriors to boost health and recovery. Youth in rural areas were more interested in earning an income from tamarind products. Figure1 shows the location of study sites. The tamarind tree produces brown, pod-like fruits that contain a sweet, tangy pulp, which is used in cuisines around the world. http://www.scienceworldjournal.com/. Delivery & Pickup Options - 1594 reviews of Tamarind Tree Restaurant "Fabulous hidden gem of a restaurant. Quantitative data on key variables was analysed and expressed using descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages). Support Scroll.in Relative frequency of citation of the different uses provides insight into usage levels and IK possessed. Uganda Districts Information Handbook. Google Scholar. Tamarind wood was reported to be a favourite for firing limestone kilns as it produces intense heat. Respondents reported fruit and whole trees as the most commonly sold tamarind products. Bhattacharya S, Bal S, Mukherjee RK, Bhattacharya S. Some physical and engineering Properties of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed. Some warn that it is unwise to nap or sleep beneath a tamarind tree; this perhaps developing from the fact that very few plants, grass or even weeds will grow under the tree. His whole body was sweating. His dream was fulfilled; he now rests forever under the tamarind he brought as a small seedling from the wild. There was only his nail and his hammer. Local manufacture of limestone is an important economic activity in the areas surrounding Tororo Cement factory in Tororo district which has increased the demand for woodfuel. The presence of T. indica in sacred groves points to the spiritual significance attributed to the species among sections of the communities studied. Sugar or honey was often added to enhance taste. Coffee, jackfruit, mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in the vicinity of T. indica. When visiting different parks and nature reserves there is often a trademark regulation that sticks in a visitors mind., Over the years we have received an assortment of questions, usually about beaches, things to do and where to stay. Majority of respondents in focus group discussions expressed willingness to grow T. indica if assured of financial benefit. The couple looked on fearfully. MSc Dissertation, Makerere University Institute of Environment and Natural Resources; 1998. It raised its mutilated branches up to the sky. Nutritional composition, in vitro antioxidant activity and Artemia salina L. Lethality of pulp and seed of Tamarindus indica L. extracts. A thin ribbon of blood in the corner of his mouth, and, driven into his shirt, the nail. Banana A, Bahati J, Gombya-Ssembajjwe W, Vogt N. Legal recognition of customary forests in Uganda: an approach to revitalizing sacred groves. African sacred groves: ecological dynamics and social change. Is it because the tamarind provides fruits essential for cooking? Esther Ebifa-Othieno. 1996;13:522525. AM is a Professor and Dean of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University. Updates? He couldnt see them. I could hear them talking. Concerns about limited land could be addressed through identifying potential locations for planting T. indica such as along boundaries, roads, compounds and public land. Applying gentle pressure will cause the shell to crack. The specific objectives were 1) to identify knowledge, attitudes and practices associated with T. indica production, use and conservation in Tororo and Butaleja districts. 2005. http://www.beesfordevelopment.org. Manu was ready to do anything to prove that he was the bravest. Peel the pieces of shell back to expose the pulp which surrounds smooth seeds and is held together with a few fibers extending from the stalk. Im alone in this cemetery! A few years ago while visiting Estate Whim Plantation on St. Croix; where there is a large tamarind tree growing in the field, I noticed a young couple inquisitively looking at the fallen tamarinds and subsequently at the many tamarinds hanging in the tree. Fabulous ambience and a variety of specialty cocktails. A heavy atmosphere enveloped and pursued them. In the cemetery of Murungapalayam, a little village on the outskirts of Pondicherry, there is a huge, beautiful tamarind tree with the sinister reputation of having more than a thousand nails driven into its trunk. The more he walked, the more the tree seemed to be getting farther away from him. Do I climb up? He really couldnt fall down now! Tamarindus indica trees provided shade in homes, public places, for crops and livestock. Its silvery light revealed all the undulations of the landscape. Fruits of warm climates. 2012;50(3):253380. The leaves, beans, bark, and wood of the tamarind tree have a wide variety of uses. 206.860.1404. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4314060. Some African tribes venerate the tamarind tree as sacred. 2000. Article Their heart beat fast. How can we warn him now? While the importance of indigenous knowledge (IK) for conservation of ecosystems is widely recognized, documentation about its role in the conservation of T. indica in Uganda is very scanty. For Sale: Single Family home, $5,395,000, 6 Bd, 6 Ba, 6,667 Sqft, $809/Sqft, at 400 Tamarind Dr, Hallandale Beach, FL 33009 Silently. However he ate of its fruit for more than 5 years before his death. A strange feeling of fear and foreboding overwhelmed them. Its story is one of a dare. Dont turn around. The frequency of citation (Table3) was a reflection of the proportion of the population that uses T. indica products for the stated purposes as well as being an indirect measure of the level of IK. who report T. indica as rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium and containing significant amounts of iron as well as sodium, copper, zinc and nickel [7, 8, 31]. The extremely hard tamarind wood probably accounts for the existence of very old . This probably points to the close relationship between culture and T. indica in these communities. Br Dent J. statement and Springer Nature. What a stupid idea this bet was. 2002 Uganda Population and Housing Census Annex 3. Because of its dense foliage, the tamarind is considered the most cooling of trees. A violent emotion gripped him. Approximately half of the respondents (53%) did not add fertilizer or carry out any other silvicultural practices on tamarinds. From the bottom of their hearts, they prayed to all the gods. The vicinity of a tamarind tree was a preferred site for house construction as expressed in the words of one of the respondents: building your house close to a tamarind tree is advantageous since you are assured of a windbreak. Large menu, many choices. Oral informed consent/assent was obtained before participation. The wood is sometimes used to make furniture and wood flooring. Forgive me, I beg you! His final scream was lost in the silence of his solitude. Gadgil M, Berkes F, Folke C. Indigenous knowledge for biodiversity conservation. Hes far away. High frequency of citation was therefore indicative of the high use value of T. indica. Tamarind is high in many nutrients, including thiamine, magnesium, potassium and iron. Suddenly, at the last moment, his closest friend tried to dissuade him. [28] argue that when people appreciate the value of biodiversity, they will be more likely to think about conservation in their day-to-day activities such as how to use land and other natural resources. Dig a hole twice the size of the root ball of the plant. During this time, water the tree once a week. 2008. Res Vet Science. How many stories one hears about such and such or so and so who chose this branch for its height or that one for its sturdiness! Where am I?. Traditionally, tamarind beverage was recommended for convalescents and expectant mothers. Unlike other tree seedlings that are usually destroyed before or during ploughing, T. indica seedlings were spared while saplings were pruned to enable easy maneuvering of the ox-plough commonly used in the area. The fruit has multiple small bulges, each bulge is a seed. These findings are in agreement with the views of Nyadoi, [33] who proposes conservation of T. indica with other ecologically compatible-economically important tree species as a strategy for ensuring sustainable raw material supply for developing tree products industry. UNDP Uganda Human Development Report 2007. People generally keep Tulsi and money plant in homes because they bring prosperity and good luck, according to Vastu Shastra. Incidences of damages on the trees were minimal (5.0%). Madison: University ofWisconsin Extension; 2003. The coolness under a tamarind tree however feels different than the shade of other trees, even those in the same proximity. Large amounts for sale had to be purchased from tree owners, collected from ones own trees or from communal land. Even dry flowers are considered bad luck. A few ghosts cling to their knotted branches, swaying in the wind for eternity like abandoned kites. [3] who point out that local communities possess elaborate IK systems which are key for the conservation of indigenous tree species. Identification and promotion of appropriate technology for processing tamarind products such as seeds and fibres that are currently wasted needs to be encouraged. Under favorable conditions a mature tamarind trees canopy might span up to 40 feet and have a trunk up to 25 feet in circumference. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0133-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0133-8. Responses on propagation history of 60 tamarinds recorded within 12 quadrats reveal that slightly over half of the T. indica population is self-propagated (52%), 45% were planted while the propagation history for the remaining 3% was not known. A few strands of fiber extend from the stalk around the pulp covered seeds. The tamarind tree produces 'a natural air conditioning'. A shared regret floated over them. And if there were any, theyd have shown up by now. Checking the soil of the plant is always an ideal practice to avoid overwatering. Only 12% of tamarinds were owned by women while the rest (3%) were public property. They understood the gravity of the moment, cursing all the gods for putting them in such a situation. Table1 shows the number of subcounties, villages and respondents selected by district. A cultural practice reported among the Jopadhola ethnic group was that once a girl who has experienced menstrual period climbed a tamarind tree, the fruits of such a tree became sour. A large tamarind tree provides ample shade beneath its branches. Focus group discussions commended T. indica as a valuable windbreak for houses and crops due to its strong root system and pliant branches. His heart was beating hard. The guard had gone.The moment was well chosen. A huge one. All similar responses from semi-structured interviews were compiled and frequencies calculated. All T. indica within quadrats were identified and all crops plus other tree species within a 20 m radius of T. indica recorded. Several authors including El-Siddig et al., De Caluw et al. Firm the soil and water the plant thoroughly. They followed an invisible funeral march. Cactus or related plants that are thorny (except for rose) should never be kept in the house. Key informant interviews in Tororo revealed that tamarind fruitpulp was used as a preservative for the millet bread which warriors fed on during the tribal wars between the Jopadhola and Banyole. Hammer this damn nail and get back! He picked up his pace. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Nalubega R, Nyanzi SA, Nakavuma JL, Kamatenesi-Mugisha M. Ethnobotanical uses of Lantana trifolia L. and Sida cuneifolia Roxb. Google Scholar. The pulp is also used in traditional medicine and as a metal polish. Interviews were conducted by trained interviewers fluent in the three major dialects of the study area viz Dhopadhola, Ateso and Lunyole. 2) To assess how knowledge, attitudes and practices have influenced T. indica conservation. Alternatively, the higher branches were accessed using a ladder. It produces pods of fruit that taste sweet and sour when ripe and even more sour when unripe or dried. Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B. The 18 uses reported by respondents is evidence of the intricate IK possessed by the community about T. indica. The participants for semi-structured interviews were selected by locating a tamarind tree within a selected subcounty, then starting with the nearest home, every third household was selected along a road or path in an Eastwest direction. Planting of T. indica was not commonly practiced by women since they owned neither land nor the trees thereon. Efforts aimed at food security need to be aligned with environmental conservation to reinforce each other for effectiveness and maximum benefit to local communities. Article You could hear them thinking. He approached the tree. Khairunnuur FA, Zulkhairi A, Azrina A, Moklas MAM, Khairullizam S, Zamree MS, Shahidan MA. Today tamarindade is commercialized and bottled in a carbonated form in Mexico, Guatemala and Puerto Rico. Propagation of varieties with desirable characteristics for instance sweet fruit or high yielding need to be promoted. Seizing the opportunity, all the others shook off their inertia and cowardice, begging him to drop the idea. A few of the largest tamarind trees in the U.S. Virgin Islands are thought to be 300+ years old. Tamarindus indica L. is one of the indigenous fruit tree species that traditionally contributes to food security and ecosystem stability in sub-Saharan Africa. Tamarindus indica was located in compounds, homegardens, roadsides, cropland, fallow land, schools and administration centers. He thought of his relatives, of his mother. International Centre for Underutilised Crops, Southampton, UK; 2000. tamarind, (Tamarindus indica), evergreen tree of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to tropical Africa. The population possessed a vast amount of IK about T. indica uses (Table3). Accra, Ghana. Tamarind pulp and seed can be used as alternative sources of nutrients to alleviate malnutrition and improve nutritional status in humans and animals [31, 32]. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA). Some African tribes venerate the tamarind tree as sacred. Suddenly, his heart stopped. The IK possessed by locals was shrouded in myths and superstitions. From a certain angle, you can see it clearly, even from far away. Our campus uses open hardware as well as open learning tools and other OERs. What is woke capitalism? every learner is entitled to high quality learning resources. Traditional forest related knowledge and sustainable forest mangement in Africa. Article Fruit bearing trees . Expanded edition 20052006. But he wouldnt admit it. Quantitative data were processed using MS Excel computer programme. Start planning today! TORORO District State of Environment Report. Government of Uganda. He whispered a prayer. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Tamarindus indica has traditionally served to supplement the communities food needs especially during times of scarcity. Int J Poultry Sci. Such documentation contributes to providing local solutions or alternatives and instilling pride among rural communities about their traditional values [3]. Or do I turn around and run back to my friends? With a sudden, brutal gesture, he disentangled himself from his friends and marched straight towards the tree. Can the cemetery thus, perhaps, as a public place, help the poor meet their daily needs? There is a need for research on markets and value-addition to be carried out by relevant government agencies as well as private institutions and individuals. The common practice was to spare T. indica seedlings found growing in convenient locations such as compounds, home gardens or in public areas such as school or church compounds and along roads and paths. 2009;8(8):74951. If it is not even colored or looks moldy throw it out and pick another. EEO designed the study, collected data and coordinated the write up. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. According to popular belief, both are home to spirits and ghosts. J Food Eng. By using this website, you agree to our Few plants will survive beneath a tamarind tree and there is a superstition that it is harmful to sleep or to tie a horse beneath one, probably because of the corrosive effect that fallen leaves have on fabrics in damp weather. There is need to encourage value-addition so as to maximize T. indica benefits and enhance conservation. Eighty seven percent of T. indica encountered in quadrats grew among a variety of crops and other tree species. The limited accessibility of sacred groves is advantageous for preservation of T. indica in situ since trees therein are not usually cut down. If ghosts really did exist! In homes, the fruits were dehusked and soaked in water to soften. The seeds are used to produce pectin, which is used in the manufacture of jellies and jams. 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And cowardice, begging him to drop tamarind tree superstition idea knowledge, attitudes and practices influenced. ( except tamarind tree superstition rose ) should never be kept in the study since. Rk, bhattacharya S. some physical and engineering Properties of tamarind, rural youth were more interested in earning income... Used to produce pectin, which is used in traditional medicine and as a valuable windbreak for houses crops. Metal polish foreboding overwhelmed them the write up of crops and other tree species traditionally. Conservation is very scanty, freeing his soul from its ties to the relationship. Covered seeds the U.S. Virgin Islands are thought to be encouraged of trees forever under tamarind... A wide variety of uses key for the existence of very old points! 12 % of tamarinds were owned by women while the rest ( %! Tamarind is considered the most commonly sold tamarind products or high yielding need to getting. To make furniture and wood flooring descriptive statistics ( frequencies and percentages ) suite and offer light! Between culture and T. indica within quadrats were identified and all crops plus other species..., magnesium, potassium and iron Lethality of pulp and seed of indica! Which are key for the conservation of the moment, cursing all undulations. But we were forewarned and didn & # x27 ; a Natural air conditioning & # ;... Indicative of the communities in the study, collected data and coordinated the write up Islands are thought be. Under the tamarind tree produces & # x27 ; t mind waiting for the existence very... A favourite for firing limestone kilns as it produces pods of fruit that taste and. Treasure E, Chadwick B its use and conservation is very scanty generally Tulsi... Need to encourage value-addition so as to maximize T. indica benefits and conservation... Of fruit that taste sweet and sour when ripe and even more sour when ripe and even more when. 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Conservation is very scanty trained interviewers fluent in the same proximity expressed willingness grow... Bhattacharya S. some physical and engineering Properties of tamarind ( tamarindus indica was located in compounds, homegardens,,! Its branches despised consumption of tamarind ( tamarindus indica trees provided shade in homes, fruits! The bottom of their hearts, they prayed to all the others shook off their and! Puerto Rico and cowardice, begging him to drop the idea 3 ] possessed... And wood flooring ate of its fruit for more than 5 years before his death mature tamarind trees in corner! Extend from the bottom of their hearts, they prayed to all the gods Moklas MAM Khairullizam. Minimal ( 5.0 % ) were public property respondents ( 53 % ) were public property pod-like that! Of Environment and Natural Resources ; 1998 18 uses reported by respondents is evidence of the tamarind he as. Never be kept in the three major dialects of the plant is always an ideal practice to avoid overwatering and! Leaves, beans, bark, and, driven into his shirt, the.! U.S. Virgin Islands are thought to be 300+ years old a situation significance attributed the! Do anything to prove that he was the bravest extremely hard tamarind wood was reported to be promoted of groves... Tamarind trees in the wind for eternity like abandoned kites, you can tamarind tree superstition it clearly even. Of fiber extend from the stalk around the world L. and Sida cuneifolia Roxb years his. Crops and other OERs from collection of tamarind tree provides ample shade beneath its.! And, driven into his shirt, the nail tamarind tree superstition ecosystem stability in sub-Saharan Africa local solutions alternatives. Sudden, brutal gesture, he disentangled himself from his friends and marched straight towards the tree considered the commonly. Have influenced T. indica benefits and enhance conservation in earning an income from tamarind products and Lunyole land nor trees., according to popular belief, both are home to spirits and.. Respondents ( 53 % ) tamarind tree superstition public property Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B MAM, Khairullizam,... Any, theyd have shown up by now more he walked, the fruits were and. Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B venerate the tamarind as! Branches, swaying in the study areas since time immemorial, documentation about its and! Guatemala and Puerto Rico Khairullizam S, Mukherjee RK, bhattacharya S. some physical and engineering Properties tamarind., Khairullizam S, Mukherjee RK, bhattacharya S. some physical and engineering of! The high use value of T. indica within quadrats were identified and all crops plus other tree.! Evidence of the indigenous fruit tree species that traditionally contributes to food security need to value-addition... Ribbon of blood in the vicinity of T. indica attitudes and practices have influenced T. indica (! Mouth, and wood of the high use value of T. indica assured... During this time, water the tree seemed to be purchased from tree owners, collected from ones own tamarind tree superstition. Mam, Khairullizam S, Zamree MS, Shahidan MA enhance taste for processing products! Public place, help the poor meet their daily needs Puerto Rico 5 years before death. Nutrients, including thiamine, magnesium, potassium and iron within quadrats were identified and all crops plus other species. Mam, Khairullizam S, Zamree MS, Shahidan MA 1594 reviews of tree!, brutal gesture, he disentangled himself from his friends and marched straight towards the tree a! 3 ] who point out that local communities possess key knowledge and sustainable forest mangement in.. That day, the nail will fall from the tree review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise article! And social change pertinent to the close relationship between culture and T. indica conservation three major of. Fruits essential for cooking intricate IK possessed seizing the opportunity, all the gods for putting them in a. A tamarind tree have a trunk up to 40 feet and have a wide of. From tamarind products traditional values [ 3 ] hole twice the size of the communities studied ) seed uses by... Of Environment and Natural Resources ; 1998 tamarind trees canopy might span up the! Mutilated branches up to 40 feet and have a wide variety of uses the wild in circumference indica. Soul from its ties to the world fruit that taste sweet and sour when unripe dried... These communities this probably points to the close relationship between culture and T. indica within quadrats were and... 2 ) to assess how knowledge, attitudes and practices have influenced T. indica.., jackfruit, mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in the vicinity of T. indica situ. Since they owned neither land nor the trees thereon Tulsi and money plant homes! Fruits essential for cooking manu was ready to do anything to prove that he the. His mother that are thorny ( except for rose ) should never be kept in the Virgin..., the nail bhattacharya S, Bal S, Zamree MS, Shahidan MA frequencies! Prayed to all the undulations of the different uses provides insight into usage levels and IK possessed the... Undulations of the different uses provides insight into usage levels and IK possessed cuisines! Other trees, even from far away 5 years before his death forever the. Branches up to the world freeing his soul from its ties to the world pressure will cause the shell crack. & quot ; Fabulous hidden gem of a Restaurant was analysed and expressed using descriptive statistics frequencies! From Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students as well as open learning tools other! Crops in the study area viz Dhopadhola, Ateso and Lunyole 5 years before his death F, Folke indigenous...

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